Story plots: 7 tips to be more original

Clichéd story plots weaken an otherwise good story, a story where characters and settings are vivid. To tell a story that feels original and inventive, it's key to learn plot clichés to avoid. Yet many original stories do use common tropes. The key is to make famous story types and scenarios your own:

1: Know common plot clichés within your genre

In story plots, clichés are frustrating because they've been hollowed out of their dramatic impact through overuse. Dragons that go on rampages overpopulate fantasy worlds. Women in distress who need men to save them overpopulate romance novels.

Here are a few more common plot clichés:

• The chosen one: A character has been selected for a task but there’s no backstory or explanation why only this person in particular is capable
• It was all a dream: Strange things happen but turn out to be dreams (often solving plot complications a little too conveniently for the author)
• Representative of another culture gives clueless protagonist profound wisdom: Another example of a common plot cliché, especially in books from earlier times that either romanticized indigenous people or portrayed them as savages (this example courtesy of Strange Horizons)

In each of these examples, there is either a cop-out or an overused trope (a ‘trope’ is a literary device that occurs across multiple novels by various authors).

In the first example, there is nothing to explain what is so special about 'the chosen one'. J.K. Rowling avoids the cliché of ‘the chosen one’ in Harry Potter by giving Harry a past link to the villain that explains exactly why it is he in particular who must fulfill the challenge.

In the 'it was all a dream' plot, there is always a risk of a cop-out. The revelation that characters have been dreaming can seem too trite or tidy an explanation for bizarre or puzzling events.

The third example is a plot point rather than an entire story idea. But it tells something valuable about being original: It’s better (for creative as well as political reasons) not to simply repeat received, dominant ideas. Stereotypes are the footmen of unoriginal stories and dangerous politics. The ‘exotic’ foreigner (or indigenous other) is likely to be just as full of flaws and folly as a protagonist. [Writing believable characters is key - get our comprehensive guide, including handy exercises, here.]

So how do you write original story plots? One approach is to combine familiar elements into something new:

2. Combine the familiar to make something original

The dragon that terrorizes a town is a fantasy cliché. Another cliché, like the dream explanation mentioned above, is where everything turns out to be imaginary.

What happens if you combine these two ideas, however? Then things start to get interesting.

If, for example, an inhabitant of the dragon-struck town in the above example investigates the lair, perhaps they could find clues suggesting there is no dragon at all. The dragon could turn out to be a metaphor for a self-created terror striking fear into the town from within.

Suzanne Collins, author of The Hunger Games, said the idea for her series emerged while she was channel-surfing. She saw footage of people competing for a prize on one channel, and people fighting in a real war on another. The two combined in her mind's eye. This resulted in her story of a society where there are compulsory fights to the death between young people.

Take the same approach to combining different plot ideas. See what creative energy you can unleash when you combine different scenarios or tropes and give them your own unique spin.

3. Know the 7 basic story plots and avoid their most unoriginal tendencies

In The Seven Basic Plots by Christopher Booker, published in 2004, Booker defines the seven basic plot types. Summarized, they are:

1. Overcoming the monster: Hero overcomes monster/bad guy
2. Rags to riches: The main character rises to success
3. The important quest: Character (or group) goes on a crucial mission
4. Homeward bound: Adventurer travels, has life-changing experiences and returns
5. Comedy: Chaos and confusion give way to resolution
6. Tragedy: Characters pay the cost of having flaws
7. Rebirth: Character emerges transformed from a process of self-discovery

Each of these plot types has its own pitfalls to avoid if you want your story plots to be original.

In a quest story, a hero might typically have a trusty sidekick who shows surprising bravery (like Samwise Gamgee in The Lord of the Rings).

In a rags to riches story, the heroine might get everything she’s ever dreamed of: The home, the handsome prince, the happiness.

Think of how you can make these story types less clichéd. In a story where a hero faces a villain, for example, you could show the 'bad guy' in the hero and humanity in the villain. (J.K. Rowling does this with Tom Riddle's backstory, his path to villainy, in her Harry Potter series.)

In a 'rags to riches' story, a resolution that is bittersweet will surprise readers who expected a tidy but predictable wrap-up.

A path from plot point A to C via B can feel unoriginal and predictable. So how do you take common story plots and make them your own?

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4. Vary a familiar plot with unexpected subplots

Take the common ‘chosen young man is destined to encounter a great evil’ plot type. This would be boring if the progression to the final conflict felt very linear. This is where subplots help you craft familiar source material into something more personal and compelling.

In J.K. Rowling’s YA fantasy series, for example, Harry is on a path to a final conflict, and is a ‘chosen one’. Yet Rowling’s setting – a school for witchcraft and wizardry – allows for all kinds of subplots and smaller story arcs and tensions. The daily life of school, complete with conflicts between teachers and students and budding romance, makes the story zigzag towards its end and avoid overemphasizing the more clichéd elements of the plot (such as a central villain seeking immortality).

5. Be guided by original novels within your genre

One of the big traps for aspiring writers who want to be original is confusing genre clichés with genre necessities.

Your fantasy world doesn’t necessarily need to have warring kingdoms (though this can be given your own unique take). Your romance novel doesn’t have to star the wealthy millionaire who sweeps broke, plain Jane off her feet.

To be more original in your own writing, do some digging to find out what novels in your genre are considered particularly original. Read a few and ask yourself:

• What familiar genre elements (e.g. warring kingdoms or a suave, eligible millionaire) does this book use?
• How does the book make these elements feel less clichéd? What complications/surprises/differences make it stand out from other books that follow similar plot lines?

Think about what your readers’ expectations for your particular plot type might be and actively plan how you will surprise them:

6. Thwart the reader’s expectations and preconceptions

Story plots are original when:

• The story belongs to a specific genre (e.g. romance) but doesn’t follow all our expectations (e.g. the lovers don’t end up together in the end)
• The expectations set up by certain tropes (e.g. Chosen boy has important quest) aren’t fulfilled exactly the way we expect (the goal of the boy’s quest changes with a major plot development, for example)

Plan how you will subvert or alter standard details of your genre (be it the trusty sidekick or the devious villain).

7. Don’t try too hard – 'unlikely' is not a synonym for 'original'

Even though originality makes a story memorable, repetition is one of the satisfying elements of storytelling. A story that contains familiar elements lets us place it within a specific context and heritage.

Focus on how you can harness familiar story ideas to your own ends, rather than make your story absurd simply for the sake of originality. The truth ultimately is that fiction is most original when you express your personal, unique combination of perspective, passion and interests in your writing.

Find and finesse the central idea for your story now using the Now Novel idea finder.